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Finite element simulations of interactions between multiple hydraulic fractures in a poroelastic rock

机译：多孔弹性岩石中多个水力裂缝相互作用的有限元模拟

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A fully coupled three-dimensional finite-element model for hydraulic fractures in permeable rocks is presented, and used to investigate the ranges of applicability of the classical analytical solutions that are known to be valid in limiting cases. This model simultaneously accounts for fluid flow within the fracture and rock matrix, poroelastic deformation, propagation of the fractures, and fluid leakage into the rock formation. The model is validated against available asymptotic analytical solutions for penny-shaped fractures, in the viscosity-dominated, toughness-dominated, storage-dominated, and leakoff-dominated regimes. However, for intermediate regimes, these analytical solutions cannot be used to predict the key hydraulic fracturing variables, i.e. injection pressure, fracture aperture, and length. For leakoff-dominated cases in permeable rocks, the asymptotic solutions fail to accurately predict the lower-bound for fracture radius and apertures, and the upper-bound for fracture pressure. This is due to the poroelastic effects in the dilated rock matrix, as well as due to the multi-dimensional flow within matrix, which in many simulation codes is idealised as being one-dimensional, normal to the fracture plane.
机译：提出了渗透岩中水力压裂的全耦合三维有限元模型，并用于研究经典解析方法在有限情况下有效的适用范围。该模型同时考虑了裂缝和岩石基质中的流体流动，孔隙弹性变形，裂缝的扩展以及流体泄漏到岩层中。在粘性为主，韧性为主，存储为主和渗漏为主的情况下，该模型已针对可用的渐进分析解决方案进行了验证，以用于一分钱形裂缝。但是，对于中间状态，这些分析解决方案不能用于预测关键的水力压裂变量，即注入压力，裂缝口径和长度。对于渗透岩中渗漏为主的情况，渐近解无法准确预测裂缝半径和孔径的下限，以及裂缝压力的上限。这是由于膨胀的岩石基质中的孔隙弹性效应，以及基质中的多维流动所致，在许多模拟代码中，多维流动被理想化为垂直于裂缝平面的一维。

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